PARAFAC2 Receivers for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes

Space-Time Block Codes can be represented by tensors, like for example the Kathri-Rao Space Time codes introduced by Sidiropoulos. In this paper, we introduce a PARAallel FACtor analysis 2 (PARAFAC2) model for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes (OSTBC). This model, along with a small modification at the transmitter and the use of tensor diagonalisation designed for orthogonal tensors at the receiver, leads us to develop a generic PARAllel FACtor Analysis (PARAFAC) blind receiver for OSTBC. Unlike most tensor based blind receivers, our channel estimator is based on a data tensor rather than on a cumulant tensor.

[1]  Ba-Ngu Vo,et al.  Blind ML detection of orthogonal space-time block codes: efficient high-performance implementations , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[2]  Richard A. Harshman,et al.  Foundations of the PARAFAC procedure: Models and conditions for an "explanatory" multi-model factor analysis , 1970 .

[3]  A. Gershman,et al.  Closed-form blind MIMO channel estimation for orthogonal space-time block codes , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[4]  Siavash M. Alamouti,et al.  A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[5]  Nikos D. Sidiropoulos,et al.  Blind PARAFAC receivers for DS-CDMA systems , 2000, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[6]  Wim P. Krijnen,et al.  Convergence of the sequence of parameters generated by alternating least squares algorithms , 2006, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

[7]  Petre Stoica,et al.  Space-time block codes: trained, blind, and semi-blind detection , 2003, Digit. Signal Process..

[8]  Arie Yeredor,et al.  Non-orthogonal joint diagonalization in the least-squares sense with application in blind source separation , 2002, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[9]  A. Stegeman,et al.  On Kruskal's uniqueness condition for the Candecomp/Parafac decomposition , 2007 .

[10]  R. Harshman.  The differences between analysis of covariance and correlation , 2001 .

[11]  João Cesar M. Mota,et al.  Blind channel identification algorithms based on the Parafac decomposition of cumulant tensors: The single and multiuser cases , 2008, Signal Process..

[12]  E. Masoud,et al.  Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications , 2008 .

[13]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time block codes from orthogonal designs , 1999, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[14]  Nikos D. Sidiropoulos,et al.  Khatri-Rao space-time codes , 2002, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[15]  Erik G. Larsson,et al.  Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications , 2003 .

[16]  Ran Gozali,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications , 2002 .