Planck 2015 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results

The European Space Agency’s Planck satellite, dedicated to studying the early Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched 14 May 2009 and has been scanning the microwave and submillimetre sky continuously since 12 August 2009. In March 2013, ESA and the Planck Collaboration released the initial cosmology products based on the first 15.5 months of Planck data, along with a set of scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This paper gives an overview of the mission and its performance, the processing, analysis, and characteristics of the data, the scientific results, and the science data products and papers in the release. The science products include maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and diffuse extragalactic foregrounds, a catalogue of compact Galactic and extragalactic sources, and a list of sources detected through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. The likelihood code used to assess cosmological models against the Planck data and a lensing likelihood are described. Scientific results include robust support for the standard six-parameter ΛCDM model of cosmology and improved measurements of its parameters, including a highly significant deviation from scale invariance of the primordial power spectrum. The Planck values for these parameters and others derived from them are significantly different from those previously determined. Several large-scale anomalies in the temperature distribution of the CMB, first detected by WMAP, are confirmed with higher confidence. Planck sets new limits on the number and mass of neutrinos, and has measured gravitational lensing of CMB anisotropies at greater than 25σ. Planck finds no evidence for non-Gaussianity in the CMB. Planck’s results agree well with results from the measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations. Planck finds a lower Hubble constant than found in some more local measures. Some tension is also present between the amplitude of matter fluctuations (σ8) derived from CMB data and that derived from Sunyaev-Zeldovich data. The Planck and WMAP power spectra are offset from each other by an average level of about 2% around the first acoustic peak. Analysis of Planck polarization data is not yet mature, therefore polarization results are not released, although the robust detection of E-mode polarization around CMB hot and cold spots is shown graphically.

C. A. Oxborrow | R. B. Barreiro | J. Cardoso | J. Tuovinen | F. Pasian | L. Valenziano | H. Kurki-Suonio | P. Lilje | N. Aghanim | J. Bartlett | C. Baccigalupi | K. Benabed | M. Kunz | J. Weller | G. Morgante | M. Douspis | J. Delouis | M. Frailis | A. Zacchei | S. Colombi | A. Heavens | J. Lesgourgues | A. Melchiorri | V. Pettorino | R. G'enova-Santos | P. McGehee | J. Rubino-Mart'in | M. Viel | M. White | O. Forni | T. Ensslin | E. Hivon | A. Banday | Benjamin Dan Wandelt | F. Hansen | M. Reinecke | F. Feroz | M. Hobson | A. Lasenby | R. Saunders | K. Grainge | A. Lewis | A. Challinor | J. Dunkley | F. Bouchet | S. Matarrese | P. Ade | J. Borrill | P. Bernardis | A. Jaffe | C. Netterfield | R. Stompor | J. Bond | B. Crill | K. Ganga | W. Jones | S. Masi | F. Piacentini | D. Pogosyan | S. Prunet | G. Efstathiou | M. Juvela | J. Diego | A. Moss | S. Mitra | T. Souradeep | H. Peiris | S. White | A. Benoit-Lévy | J. McEwen | R. Rebolo | A. Coulais | A. Gregorio | Y. Fantaye | P. Christensen | C. Lawrence | B. Rusholme | G. Helou | E. Pierpaoli | R. Davis | T. Kisner | T. Jaffe | H. Eriksen | F. Couchot | S. Plaszczynski | W. Reach | F. Boulanger | H. Nørgaard-Nielsen | E. Lellouch | R. Davies | C. Dickinson | J. Leahy | T. Pearson | M. Arnaud | J. Aumont | E. Battaner | A. Benoit | J. Bernard | M. Bersanelli | P. Bielewicz | A. Bonaldi | L. Bonavera | M. Bucher | C. Burigana | R. C. Butler | A. Catalano | A. Chamballu | R. Chary | H. Chiang | S. Church | D. Clements | L. Colombo | M. Cruz | A. Curto | F. Cuttaia | L. Danese | G. Zotti | J. Delabrouille | F. D'esert | H. Dole | S. Donzelli | O. Dor'e | X. Dupac | E. Falgarone | F. Finelli | A. Fraisse | E. Franceschi | S. Galeotta | M. Giard | Y. Giraud-H'eraud | J. Gonz'alez-Nuevo | K. M. G'orski | S. Gratton | A. Gruppuso | D. Hanson | D. Harrison | S. Henrot-Versill'e | C. Hern'andez-Monteagudo | D. Herranz | S. Hildebrandt | W. Holmes | A. Hornstrup | W. Hovest | K. Huffenberger | E. Keihanen | R. Keskitalo | R. Kneissl | J. Knoche | G. Lagache | A. Lahteenmaki | J. Lamarre | M. Jeune | R. Leonardi | M. Liguori | M. Linden-Vørnle | M. L'opez-Caniego | P. Lubin | J. Mac'ias-P'erez | N. Mandolesi | A. Marcos-Caballero | D. Marshall | P. Martin | E. Mart'inez-Gonz'alez | P. Mazzotta | P. Meinhold | L. Mendes | A. Mennella | M. Migliaccio | K. Mikkelsen | M. Miville-Deschênes | A. Moneti | L. Montier | D. Mortlock | D. Munshi | P. Naselsky | F. Nati | P. Natoli | F. Noviello | I. Novikov | F. Paci | L. Pagano | F. Pajot | R. Paladini | D. Paoletti | B. Partridge | G. Patanchon | O. Perdereau | L. Perotto | F. Perrotta | M. Piat | D. Pietrobon | E. Pointecouteau | G. Polenta | L. Popa | G. Pratt | G. Prezeau | J. Puget | J. Rachen | M. Remazeilles | C. Renault | A. Renzi | I. Ristorcelli | G. Rocha | C. Rosset | G. Roudier | M. Rowan-Robinson | M. Sandri | D. Santos | G. Savini | D. Scott | M. Seiffert | E. Shellard | L. Spencer | R. Sudiwala | R. Sunyaev | D. Sutton | A. Suur-Uski | J. Sygnet | J. Tauber | D. Tavagnacco | L. Terenzi | L. Toffolatti | M. Tomasi | M. Tristram | M. Tucci | M. Turler | G. Umana | J. Valiviita | B. Tent | P. Vielva | F. Villa | L. Wade | I. Wehus | A. Wilkinson | D. Yvon | A. Zonca | S. Feeney | E. Calabrese | K. Dolag | F. Elsner | S. Galli | E. Gjerløw | J. Gudmundsson | J. Hamann | M. Lattanzi | J. Le'on-Tavares | J. Melin | J. Murphy | M. Savelainen | V. Stolyarov | P. Serra | S. Mei | K. Smith | Will Handley | N. Bartolo | R. Battye | J. Chluba | C. Combet | E. D. Valentino | A. Ducout | M. Farhang | J. Fergusson | A. Frejsel | C. Gauthier | M. Gerbino | T. Ghosh | E. Giusarma | Z. Huang | G. Hurier | F. Levrier | G. Maggio | A. Mangilli | A. Marchini | M. Martinelli | M. Rossetti | N. Said | V. Salvatelli | L. Salvati | M. Spinelli | T. Trombetti | C. Franceschet | K. Kiiveri | V. Lindholm | T. Vassallo | R. Watson | P. Battaglia | D. Marinucci | A. Strong | M. Langer | A. Rosa | S. Stanford | E. Florido | D. Texier | Y. Akrami | M. Negrello | N. Welikala | P. Carvalho | B. Comis | P. Eisenhardt | T. Jin | D. Mak | A. Nastasi | M. Olamaie | Y. Perrott | C. Rumsey | M. Schammel | T. Shimwell | D. Stern | A. Sauv'e | D. Novikov | R. Moreno | M. Tornikoski | N. Oppermann | M. Alves | E. Orlando | M. Roman | F. Lacasa | Planck Collaboration R. Adam | F. Arroja | M. Ballardini | S. Basak | B. Bertincourt | B. Casaponsa | G. Castex | M. Clemens | D. Contreras | R. Fernández-Cobos | A. Frolov | S. Ili'c | A. Karakci | J. Kim | N. Krachmalnicoff | H. Liu | Y.-Z. Ma | D. Molinari | S. Mottet | M. Muenchmeyer | A. Narimani | S. Pandolfi | M. Peel | V. Pelkonen | B. Racine | E. Romelli | A. Rotti | B. R. d'Orfeuil | B. Ruiz-Granados | H. Sanghera | B. Schaefer | M. Shiraishi | P. Sutter | A. Troja | M. Vidal | B. Walter | J. Zibin | T. Shimwell | F. Lévrier | D. Scott | P. Christensen | P. Mcgehee | S. White | M. Rowan‐Robinson | D. Scott | A. D. Rosa | S. Mitra | J. Murphy | D. Scott | G. Rocha | J. Murphy | G. Pr'ezeau | T. W. Shimwell | J. Bond | D. Harrison | C. Lawrence | D. Marshall | Y. Akrami | C. Rosset | A.-S. Suur-Uski

[1]  M. Lueker,et al.  A MEASUREMENT OF SECONDARY COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES WITH TWO YEARS OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS , 2011, 1111.0932.

[2]  Douglas Scott,et al.  A UNIFIED EMPIRICAL MODEL FOR INFRARED GALAXY COUNTS BASED ON THE OBSERVED PHYSICAL EVOLUTION OF DISTANT GALAXIES , 2012, 1208.6512.

[3]  A. Melchiorri,et al.  Multiple Peaks in the Angular Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background: Significance and Consequences for Cosmology , 2001, astro-ph/0105296.

[4]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission , 2013, 1312.1300.

[5]  R. Nichol,et al.  The significance of the integrated Sachs–Wolfe effect revisited , 2012, 1209.2125.

[6]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  SEVEN-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE (WMAP) OBSERVATIONS: SKY MAPS, SYSTEMATIC ERRORS, AND BASIC RESULTS , 2010, 1001.4744.

[7]  L. Guzzo,et al.  The ROSAT-ESO Flux Limited X-ray (REFLEX) Galaxy cluster survey. V. The cluster catalogue , 2004, astro-ph/0405546.

[8]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XIX. An overview of the polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust , 2014, 1405.0871.

[9]  Nicolas Ponthieu,et al.  Planck pre-launch status: The optical system , 2010 .

[10]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results. XVIII. Background geometry & topology , 2015, 1502.01593.

[11]  P. A. R. Ade,et al.  Planck early results - XXIV. Dust in the diffuse interstellar medium and the galactic halo , 2011, 1101.2036.

[12]  M. Juvela,et al.  An all-sky catalogue of cold cores observed with Planck-HFI: simulation and colour detection algorithms , 2010 .

[13]  T. Poutanen,et al.  Making CMB temperature and polarization maps with Madam , 2009, 0907.0367.

[14]  P. A. R. Ade,et al.  SPIDER: Probing the Early Universe with a Suborbital Polarimeter , 2011, 1106.3087.

[15]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM THE 2008 POWER SPECTRUM , 2010, 1009.0866.

[16]  C. G. T. Haslam,et al.  A 408 MHz all-sky continuum survey. II. The atlas of contour maps. , 1982 .

[17]  Diego Herranz,et al.  Matrix Filters for the Detection of Extragalactic Point Sources in Cosmic Microwave Background Images , 2008, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[18]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck2015 results: XXVI. The SecondPlanckCatalogue of Compact Sources , 2015, 1507.02058.

[19]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results Special feature Planck 2013 results . XXV . Searches for cosmic strings and other topological defects , 2014 .

[20]  Joshua O. Gundersen,et al.  LUPUS I OBSERVATIONS FROM THE 2010 FLIGHT OF THE BALLOON-BORNE LARGE APERTURE SUBMILLIMETER TELESCOPE FOR POLARIMETRY , 2013, 1307.5853.

[21]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Three Year Results: Implications for Cosmology , 2006, astro-ph/0603449.

[22]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Overview of products and scientific results , 2014 .

[23]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. HFI˙Transfer˙Function˙and˙Beams c ○ ESO 2013 , 2013 .

[24]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results: XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields , 2015, 1502.01594.

[25]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planckearly results. XXIII. The first all-sky survey of Galactic cold clumps , 2011, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[26]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Data Processing, Sky Maps, & Basic Results , 2008, 0803.0732.

[27]  Adrian T. Lee,et al.  A MEASUREMENT OF GRAVITATIONAL LENSING OF THE MICROWAVE BACKGROUND USING SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA , 2012, 1202.0546.

[28]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XXII. The submillimetre properties of a sample of Galactic cold clumps , 2011, 1101.2034.

[29]  Bonn,et al.  Robust weak-lensing mass calibration of Planck galaxy clusters , 2014, 1402.2670.

[30]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XXI. All-sky Compton parameter power spectrum and high-order statistics , 2013, 1303.5081.

[31]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results - XVII. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity , 2014 .

[32]  National Radio Astronomy Observatory,et al.  VLA/JVLA monitoring of bright northern radio sources , 2012, 1211.3931.

[33]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results Special feature Planck 2015 results XII . Full focal plane simulations , 2016 .

[34]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planckearly results. XII. Cluster Sunyaev-Zeldovich optical scaling relations , 2011, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[35]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results - XXVIII. The Planck Catalogue of Galactic cold clumps , 2015, 1502.01599.

[36]  M. Lueker,et al.  A MEASUREMENT OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND DAMPING TAIL FROM THE 2500-SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY , 2012, 1210.7231.

[37]  C. B. Netterfield,et al.  Planck early results. XIX. All-sky temperature and dust optical depth from Planck and IRAS. Constraints on the "dark gas" in our Galaxy , 2011, 1101.2029.

[38]  M. Halpern,et al.  Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: temperature analysis , 2006 .

[39]  M. V. Fernandes,et al.  Search for TeV Gamma-ray Emission from GRB 100621A, an extremely bright GRB in X-rays, with H.E.S.S , 2014, 1405.0488.

[40]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results Special feature Planck 2015 results XIV . Dark energy and modified gravity , 2016 .

[41]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. IV. First assessment of the High Frequency Instrument in-flight performance , 2011, 1101.2039.

[42]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  XXIV. Cosmology from Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster counts , 2015, 1502.01597.

[43]  Bruce T. Draine,et al.  POLARIZED FAR-INFRARED AND SUBMILLIMETER EMISSION FROM INTERSTELLAR DUST , 2008, 0809.2094.

[44]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results Special feature Planck 2015 results XXVII . The second Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources , 2016 .

[45]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck2013 results. XXVIII. ThePlanckCatalogue of Compact Sources , 2013, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[46]  S. Poppi,et al.  Galactic interstellar turbulence across the southern sky seen through spatial gradients of the polarization vector , 2014, 1404.6077.

[47]  P. Lilje,et al.  Asymmetries in the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Field , 2004 .

[48]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck early results Special feature Planck early results . VIII . The all-sky early Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster sample , 2011 .

[49]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results: XXI. The integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect , 2015, 1502.01595.

[50]  R. Davies,et al.  Polarized radio filaments outside the Galactic plane , 2014, 1410.4438.

[51]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results - VIII. HFI photometric calibration and mapmaking , 2013, 1303.5069.

[52]  Mark C. Neyrinck,et al.  An Imprint of Superstructures on the Microwave Background due to the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect , 2008, 0805.3695.

[53]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck 2015 results. II. Low Frequency Instrument data processings , 2013, 1502.01583.

[54]  G. Lagache,et al.  Statistical properties of dust far-infrared emission , 2007, 0704.2175.

[55]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XXXV. Probing the role of the magnetic field in the formation of structure in molecular clouds , 2015, 1502.04123.

[56]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XIV. Zodiacal emission , 2013, 1303.5074.

[57]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XXIII. The first all-sky survey of Galactic cold clumps , 2011 .

[58]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XV. CMB power spectra and likelihood , 2013, 1303.5075.

[59]  G. D. Liveing,et al.  The University of Cambridge , 1897, British medical journal.

[60]  P. Koch,et al.  MAGNETIC FIELD PROPERTIES IN HIGH-MASS STAR FORMATION FROM LARGE TO SMALL SCALES: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FROM POLARIZATION DATA , 2010, 1008.0220.

[61]  S. Hildebrandt,et al.  MILCA: A Maximum Internal Linear Component Analysis for the extraction of spectral emissions , 2010 .

[62]  J. Aumont,et al.  Planck2018 results , 2013, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[63]  J. Aumont,et al.  The pre-launch Planck Sky Model: a model of sky emission at submillimetre to centimetre wavelengths , 2012, 1207.3675.

[64]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results. XXV. Diffuse low-frequency Galactic foregrounds , 2015, 1506.06660.

[65]  S. Masi,et al.  First detection of polarization of the submillimetre diffuse galactic dust emission by Archeops , 2003, astro-ph/0306222.

[66]  T. Poutanen,et al.  Making cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization maps with MADAM , 2010 .

[67]  J. Bond,et al.  Polarization Observations with the Cosmic Background Imager , 2001, Science.

[68]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck2013 results. XXIX. ThePlanckcatalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources , 2013, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[69]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results Special feature Planck 2015 results VIII . High Frequency Instrument data processing : Calibration and maps , 2016 .

[70]  T. Ensslin,et al.  An improved map of the Galactic Faraday sky , 2011, 1111.6186.

[71]  R. Stompor,et al.  Iterative destriping and photometric calibration for Planck-HFI, polarized, multi-detector map-making , 2011, 1103.2281.

[72]  J. Bregman,et al.  Understanding radio polarimetry. III. Interpreting the IAU/IEEE definitions of the Stokes parameters. , 1996 .

[73]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck2013 results. VI. High Frequency Instrument data processing , 2013, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[74]  K. Gorski,et al.  HEALPix: A Framework for High-Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere , 2004, astro-ph/0409513.

[75]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XX. Comparison of polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust with simulations of MHD turbulence , 2014, 1405.0872.

[76]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XVIII. The power spectrum of cosmic infrared background anisotropies , 2011, 1101.2028.

[77]  G. Giardino,et al.  Planck early results. V. The Low Frequency Instrument data processing , 2011, 1101.2040.

[78]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results: XXIII. The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect-cosmic infrared background correlation , 2015, 1509.06555.

[79]  A. Quirrenbach,et al.  H.E.S.S. observations of the Crab during its March 2013 GeV gamma-ray flare. , 2013, 1311.3187.

[80]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results. IX. Diffuse component separation: CMB maps , 2015, 1502.05956.

[81]  L. Toffolatti,et al.  Nonblind Catalog of Extragalactic Point Sources from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) First 3 Year Survey Data , 2007, astro-ph/0701473.

[82]  C. Baccigalupi.  Cosmic microwave background: Polarization and temperature anisotropies from symmetric structures , 1998, astro-ph/9811176.

[83]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck intermediate results: XXXIII. Signature of the magnetic field geometry of interstellar filaments in dust polarization maps , 2014, 1411.2271.

[84]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. IX. XMM-Newton follow-up for validation of Planck cluster candidates , 2011, 1101.2025.

[85]  H. K. Eriksen,et al.  On Foreground Removal from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Data by an Internal Linear Combination Method: Limitations and Implications , 2004, astro-ph/0403098.

[86]  H. Hoekstra,et al.  CFHTLenS: the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey , 2012, 1210.0032.

[87]  A. Hornstrup,et al.  The 400 Square Degree ROSAT PSPC Galaxy Cluster Survey: Catalog and Statistical Calibration , 2006, astro-ph/0610739.

[88]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results. XV. Gravitational lensing , 2015, 1502.01591.

[89]  R. W. Ogburn,et al.  Joint Analysis of BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck Data , 2015, 1502.00612.

[90]  E. L. Wright,et al.  The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background. II. Model of the Interplanetary Dust Cloud , 1997, astro-ph/9806250.

[91]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck 2013 results. III. LFI systematic uncertainties , 2013, 1303.5064.

[92]  T. Maciaszek,et al.  Planck pre-launch status: The HFI instrument, from specification to actual performance , 2010 .

[93]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure , 2013, 1303.5077.

[94]  D. J. Fixsen,et al.  THE TEMPERATURE OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND , 2009, 0911.1955.

[95]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. IX. HFI spectral response , 2013, 1303.5070.

[96]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XXII. Frequency dependence of thermal emission from Galactic dust in intensity and polarization , 2014, 1405.0874.

[97]  F. Águila,et al.  Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos , 1996 .

[98]  M. Sullivan,et al.  SUPERNOVA CONSTRAINTS AND SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES FROM THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF THE SUPERNOVA LEGACY SURVEY , 2011, 1104.1443.

[99]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation , 2013, 1303.5082.

[100]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Low Frequency Instrument data processing , 2014 .

[101]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results - VII. High Frequency Instrument data processing: Time-ordered information and beams , 2015, 1502.01586.

[102]  M. Halpern,et al.  First-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Interpretation of the TT and TE Angular Power Spectrum Peaks , 2003, astro-ph/0302220.

[103]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XIII. Statistical properties of extragalactic radio sources in the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue , 2011, 1101.2044.

[104]  Peter A. R. Ade,et al.  The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: cosmological parameters from three seasons of data , 2013, 1301.0824.

[105]  C. B. Netterfield,et al.  Planck early results. XX. New light on anomalous microwave emission from spinning dust grains , 2011, 1101.2031.

[106]  P. A. R. Ade,et al.  Planckearly results. XXV. Thermal dust in nearby molecular clouds , 2011, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[107]  G. Lagache,et al.  IRIS: A New Generation of IRAS Maps , 2004, astro-ph/0412216.

[108]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XXVII. Doppler boosting of the CMB: Eppur si muove , 2013, 1303.5087.

[109]  S. Deustua,et al.  THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE CLUSTER SUPERNOVA SURVEY. V. IMPROVING THE DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS ABOVE z > 1 AND BUILDING AN EARLY-TYPE-HOSTED SUPERNOVA SAMPLE , 2011, 1105.3470.

[110]  G. Zotti,et al.  Blind and non‐blind source detection in WMAP 5‐yr maps , 2008, 0810.2338.

[111]  The Planck Collaboration.  The Scientific Programme of Planck , 2006 .

[112]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XXX. Cosmic infrared background measurements and implications for star formation , 2013, 1309.0382.

[113]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XXI. Comparison of polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust at 353GHz with optical interstellar polarization , 2014 .

[114]  J. Gonzalez-Nuevo,et al.  A novel multifrequency technique for the detection of point sources in cosmic microwave background maps , 2008, 0808.2884.

[115]  Shirley Ho,et al.  Correlation of CMB with large-scale structure. I. Integrated Sachs-Wolfe tomography and cosmological implications , 2008, 0801.0642.

[116]  J. Cardoso,et al.  CMB and SZ effect separation with constrained Internal Linear Combinations , 2010, 1006.5599.

[117]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XIII. Galactic CO emission , 2013, 1303.5073.

[118]  L. Toffolatti,et al.  The Mexican Hat Wavelet Family. Application to point source detection in cosmic microwave background maps , 2005, 2005 13th European Signal Processing Conference.

[119]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results - VI. LFI mapmaking , 2015, 1502.01585.

[120]  A. Richard Thompson,et al.  The Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array , 2009, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[121]  M. Lueker,et al.  A MEASUREMENT OF THE DAMPING TAIL OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POWER SPECTRUM WITH THE SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE , 2011, 1105.3182.

[122]  A. Melchiorri,et al.  Testing cosmology with cosmic sound waves , 2007, 0711.4119.

[123]  D. J. Fixsen,et al.  Calibrator Design for the COBE Far Infrared Absolute Spectrophotometer (FIRAS) , 1998, astro-ph/9810373.

[124]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results - XXX. The angular power spectrum of polarized dust emission at intermediate and high Galactic latitudes , 2014, 1409.5738.

[125]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  Cosmological parameters from pre-planck cosmic microwave background measurements , 2013 .

[126]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results Special feature Planck early results . XI . Calibration of the local galaxy cluster Sunyaev-Zeldovich scaling relations , 2011 .

[127]  M. Zaldarriaga,et al.  Benchmark parameters for CMB polarization experiments , 2002, astro-ph/0210096.

[128]  M. Halpern,et al.  The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Likelihood for Small-Scale CMB Data , 2013, 1301.0776.

[129]  Stefano Casertano,et al.  A 3% SOLUTION: DETERMINATION OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE AND WIDE FIELD CAMERA 3 , 2011, 1103.2976.

[130]  S. Maddox,et al.  The Herschel ATLAS , 2009, 0910.4279.

[131]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. X. HFI energetic particle effects: characterization, removal, and simulation , 2013, 1303.5071.

[132]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck2015 results , 2015, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[133]  L. Toffolatti,et al.  Comparison of filters for the detection of point sources in Planck simulations , 2006 .

[134]  Martin G. Cohen,et al.  THE WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY EXPLORER (WISE): MISSION DESCRIPTION AND INITIAL ON-ORBIT PERFORMANCE , 2010, 1008.0031.

[135]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck intermediate results - XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula , 2015, 1501.00922.

[136]  Jessie L. Dotson,et al.  DISPERSION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS. II. , 2008, 0909.5227.

[137]  Jean-François Cardoso,et al.  Component Separation With Flexible Models—Application to Multichannel Astrophysical Observations , 2008, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing.

[138]  C. B. Netterfield,et al.  Planck early results. II. The thermal performance of Planck , 2011, 1101.2023.

[139]  J. Richard Bond,et al.  Cosmic microwave background snapshots: pre-WMAP and post-WMAP , 2003, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[140]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XXIX. All-sky dust modelling with Planck, IRAS, and WISE observations , 2014, 1409.2495.

[141]  H. K. Eriksen,et al.  FAST PIXEL SPACE CONVOLUTION FOR COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SURVEYS WITH ASYMMETRIC BEAMS AND COMPLEX SCAN STRATEGIES: FEBeCoP , 2010, 1005.1929.

[142]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck intermediate results VII. Statistical properties of infrared and radio extragalactic sources from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue at frequencies between 100 and 857 GHz , 2012, 1207.4706.

[143]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results - XI. CMB power spectra, likelihoods, and robustness of parameters , 2015, 1507.02704.

[144]  A. Melchiorri,et al.  A Measurement of the Angular Power Spectrum of the CMB Temperature Anisotropy from the 2003 Flight of BOOMERANG , 2005, astro-ph/0507494.

[145]  Wendy L. Freedman,et al.  CARNEGIE HUBBLE PROGRAM: A MID-INFRARED CALIBRATION OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT , 2012, 1208.3281.

[146]  E. Greisen,et al.  The NRAO VLA Sky Survey , 1996 .

[147]  M. V. Fernandes,et al.  Flux upper limits for 47 AGN observed with H.E.S.S. in 2004−2011 , 2014, 1402.2332.

[148]  Michael Seiffert,et al.  Cosmic Microwave Background Component Separation by Parameter Estimation , 2005, astro-ph/0508268.

[149]  David J. Schlegel,et al.  Extrapolation of Galactic Dust Emission at 100 Microns to Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Frequencies Using FIRAS , 1999, astro-ph/9905128.

[150]  Brenda C. Matthews,et al.  THE LEGACY OF SCUPOL: 850 μm IMAGING POLARIMETRY FROM 1997 TO 2005 , 2009 .

[151]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck 2013 results. IV. Low Frequency Instrument beams and window functions , 2013, 1303.5065.

[152]  S. Sarkar,et al.  Loops and spurs: the angular power spectrum of the Galactic synchrotron background , 2013, 1304.1078.

[153]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XVII. Origin of the submillimetre excess dust emission in the Magellanic Clouds , 2011, 1101.2046.

[154]  James G. Bartlett,et al.  Measuring cluster masses with CMB lensing: a statistical approach , 2014, 1408.5633.

[155]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2015 results: XXIII. The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect-cosmic infrared background correlation , 2015, 1509.06555.

[156]  M. L'opez-Caniego.  The Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources , 2014, 1401.4683.

[157]  S. R. Hildebrandt,et al.  MILCA, a modified internal linear combination algorithm to extract astrophysical emissions from multifrequency sky maps , 2010, 1007.1149.

[158]  Roberto Ricci,et al.  CRATES: An All-Sky Survey of Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources , 2007, astro-ph/0702346.

[159]  C. B. Netterfield,et al.  Planck early results - I. The Planck mission , 2011, 1101.2022.

[160]  Page,et al.  Characterizing the peak in the cosmic microwave background angular power spectrum , 2000, Physical review letters.

[161]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XVIII. The gravitational lensing-infrared background correlation , 2013, 1303.5078.

[162]  L. Miller,et al.  CFHTLenS: the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey – imaging data and catalogue products , 2012, 1210.0032.

[163]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  NINE-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE (WMAP) OBSERVATIONS: FINAL MAPS AND RESULTS , 2012, 1212.5225.

[164]  Julian Borrill,et al.  Planck pre-launch status: Expected LFI polarisation capability , 2010 .

[165]  R. Durrer,et al.  Acoustic Peaks and Dips in the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum: Observational Data and Cosmological Constraints , 2001, astro-ph/0111594.

[166]  S. J. Liu,et al.  Herschel : the first science highlights Special feature L etter to the E ditor The Herschel-SPIRE instrument and its in-flight performance , 2010 .

[167]  India,et al.  Optical and submillimetre observations of Bok globules – tracing the magnetic field from low to high density , 2009, 0906.0248.

[168]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XXXI. Consistency of the Planck data , 2014, 1508.03375.

[169]  M. Langlois,et al.  Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers , 2005 .

[170]  C. Dickinson,et al.  Long-term variability of extragalactic radio sources in the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue , 2013, 1302.2114.

[171]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results XXXII. The relative orientation between the magnetic field and structures traced by interstellar dust , 2014, 1409.6728.

[172]  F. Pasian,et al.  Planck pre-launch status: Design and description of the Low Frequency Instrument , 2010, 1001.3321.

[173]  J. Cardoso,et al.  A full sky, low foreground, high resolution CMB map from WMAP , 2008, 0807.0773.

[174]  R. Nichol,et al.  A MaxBCG Catalog of 13,823 Galaxy Clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey , 2007, astro-ph/0701265.

[175]  L. Krauss.  CMB anisotropies two years after COBE: observations, theory and the future , 1994 .

[176]  Jean-Francois Cardoso,et al.  Component separation with flexible models. Application to the separation of astrophysical emissions , 2008, 0803.1814.

[177]  Albert Stebbins,et al.  Statistics of cosmic microwave background polarization , 1997 .

[178]  R. Giacconi,et al.  The Northern ROSAT All-Sky (NORAS) Galaxy Cluster Survey. I. X-Ray Properties of Clusters Detected as Extended X-Ray Sources , 2000, astro-ph/0003219.

[179]  L. Toffolatti,et al.  Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency , 2011, 1101.2038.

[180]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck 2015 results - XXII. A map of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect , 2015, 1502.01596.

[181]  Arthur Kosowsky.  The Atacama Cosmology Telescope , 2003 .

[182]  Daniel Thomas,et al.  The clustering of galaxies in the sdss-iii baryon oscillation spectroscopic survey: Baryon acoustic oscillations in the data release 9 spectroscopic galaxy sample , 2012, 1312.4877.

[183]  J. Cardoso,et al.  Multidetector multicomponent spectral matching and applications for cosmic microwave background data analysis , 2002, astro-ph/0211504.

[184]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  NINE-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE (WMAP) OBSERVATIONS: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETER RESULTS , 2012, 1212.5226.

[185]  W. B. Burton,et al.  The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI - Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections , 2005, astro-ph/0504140.

[186]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015. XX. Constraints on inflation , 2015, 1502.02114.

[187]  D. Schlegel,et al.  Maps of Dust Infrared Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Foregrounds , 1998 .

[188]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. planck˙isw c ○ ESO 2013 , 2013 .

[189]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2013 results - XXVI. Background geometry and topology of the Universe , 2013, 1303.5086.

[190]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planckearly results. VII. The Early Release Compact Source Catalogue , 2011, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[191]  Roberto Ricci,et al.  The Australia Telescope 20 GHz Survey: the source catalogue , 2009, 0911.0002.

[192]  F. Bouchet,et al.  The Planck mission , 2014, 1405.0439.

[193]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XIV. ERCSC validation and extreme radio sources , 2011, 1101.1721.

[194]  M. A.,et al.  THE 400 SQUARE DEGREES ROSAT PSPC GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY: CATALOG AND STATISTICAL CALIBRATION , 2006 .

[195]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XVII. Emission of dust in the diffuse interstellar medium from the far-infrared to microwave frequencies , 2013, 1312.5446.

[196]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck 2013 results. V. LFI calibration , 2013, 1303.5066.

[197]  R. W. Ogburn,et al.  Detection of B-mode polarization at degree angular scales by BICEP2. , 2014, Physical review letters.

[198]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results - X. Statistical analysis of Sunyaev-Zeldovich scaling relations for X-ray galaxy clusters , 2011, 1101.2043.

[199]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck intermediate results. XXI. Comparison of polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust at 353 GHz with interstellar polarization in the visible , 2014, 1405.0873.

[200]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XV. Spectral energy distributions and radio continuum spectra of northern extragalactic radio sources , 2011, 1101.2047.

[201]  Adam D. Myers,et al.  Ameliorating systematic uncertainties in the angular clustering of galaxies: a study using the SDSS-III , 2011, 1105.2320.

[202]  E. Leitch,et al.  SECOND AND THIRD SEASON QUaD COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND TEMPERATURE AND POLARIZATION POWER SPECTRA , 2008, 0805.1944.

[203]  James J. Bock,et al.  Planck Pre-Launch Status: The Planck Mission , 2010 .

[204]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck2013 results. XII. Diffuse component separation , 2013, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[205]  P. Vielva,et al.  Multiresolution internal template cleaning: an application to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 7-yr polarization data , 2011, 1106.2016.

[206]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XXI. Properties of the interstellar mediumin the Galactic plane , 2011, 1101.2032.

[207]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  First-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Preliminary Maps and Basic Results , 2003, astro-ph/0302207.

[208]  C. A. Oxborrow,et al.  Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters , 2013, 1303.5076.

[209]  E. Turner.  Binary galaxies. I. A well-defined statistical sample. , 1976 .

[210]  A. Edge,et al.  A Complete Sample of 12 Very X-Ray Luminous Galaxy Clusters at z > 0.5 , 2007, astro-ph/0703394.

[211]  G. W. Pratt,et al.  Planck 2015 results - X. Diffuse component separation: Foreground maps , 2015, 1502.01588.

[212]  H. K. Eriksen,et al.  Joint Bayesian Component Separation and CMB Power Spectrum Estimation , 2007, 0709.1058.

[213]  R. B. Barreiro,et al.  Planck early results. XVI. The Planck view of nearby galaxies , 2011, 1101.2045.

[214]  G. Hinshaw,et al.  Structure in the COBE differential microwave radiometer first-year maps , 1992 .