Optimality and Wh-Extraction

The study of wh-question formation has historically served as the empirical basis for major constructs in Government-Binding (GB) such as the Empty Category Principle (ECP), the existence of Logical Form (LF) as a separate level of representation— motivated in part by the abstract wh-movement at LF analysis of wh-in-situ in languages like Chinese (Huang, 1982)—and the central but controversial issue of which principles apply at which levels of representation. For example, Huang (1982) argues, based on Chinese, that the ECP applies at S-structure and LF while subjacency and his Condition on Extraction Domain (CED) apply only at S-structure.

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