Pheromone Modification Strategies for Ant Algorithms Applied to Dynamic TSP

We investigate strategies for pheromone modification of ant algorithms in reaction to the insertion/deletion of a city of Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) instances. Three strategies for pheromone diversification through equalization of the pheromone values on the edges are proposed and compared. One strategy acts globally without consideration of the position of the inserted/deleted city. The other strategies perform pheromone modification only in the neighborhood of the inserted/deleted city, where neighborhood is defined differently for the two strategies. We furthermore evaluate different parameter settings for each of the strategies.

[1]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  The ant colony optimization meta-heuristic , 1999 .

[2]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  AntNet: Distributed Stigmergetic Control for Communications Networks , 1998, J. Artif. Intell. Res..

[3]  Thomas Stützle,et al.  MAX-MIN Ant System , 2000, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[4]  Léon J. M. Rothkrantz,et al.  Ant-Based Load Balancing in Telecommunications Networks , 1996, Adapt. Behav..

[5]  Luca Maria Gambardella,et al.  Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem , 1997, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[6]  B. Bullnheimer,et al.  A NEW RANK BASED VERSION OF THE ANT SYSTEM: A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY , 1997 .

[7]  M Dorigo,et al.  Ant colonies for the quadratic assignment problem , 1999, J. Oper. Res. Soc..

[8]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems , 1999 .

[9]  Thomas Stützle,et al.  Improvements on the Ant-System: Introducing the MAX-MIN Ant System , 1997, ICANNGA.

[10]  Luca Maria Gambardella,et al.  Ant-Q: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to the Traveling Salesman Problem , 1995, ICML.

[11]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents , 1996, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.

[12]  Hartmut Schmeck,et al.  Ant colony optimization for resource-constrained project scheduling , 2000, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[13]  G. Di Caro,et al.  Ant colony optimization: a new meta-heuristic , 1999, Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation-CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406).

[14]  Janet Bruten,et al.  Ant-like agents for load balancing in telecommunications networks , 1997, AGENTS '97.

[15]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  Optimization, Learning and Natural Algorithms , 1992 .