Scaling-invariant Functions versus Positively Homogeneous Functions

Scaling-invariant functions preserve the order of points when the points are scaled by the same positive scalar (usually with respect to a unique reference point). Composites of strictly monotonic functions with positively homogeneous functions are scaling-invariant with respect to zero. We prove in this paper that also the reverse is true for large classes of scaling-invariant functions. Specifically, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for scalinginvariant functions to be composites of a strictly monotonic function with a positively homogeneous function. We also study sublevel sets of scalinginvariant functions generalizing well-known properties of positively homogeneous functions. Communicated by Juan-Enrique Martinez Legaz.

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